EM 1110-2-1100 (Part II)
(Change 1) 31 July 2003
developing storms and appears to work as well as other models in mature storms. Consequently, this model
will be described in some detail here. In presently available hurricane models, wind fields are assumed to
have no memory and thus can be determined by only a small set of parameters at a given instant.
(4) In the Holland model, hurricane pressure profiles are normalized via the relationship
p & pc
β'
(II-2-15)
pn & pc
where
p = pressure at radius r
r = arbitrary radius
pc = central pressure in the storm
pn = ambient pressure at the periphery of the storm
(5) Holland showed that the family of β-curves for a number of storms resembled a family of
rectangular hyperbolas and could be represented as
r B ln (β&1 ) ' A
or
A
β&1 ' exp
rB
(II-2-16)
or
&A
β ' exp
rB
A = scaling parameter with units of length
B = dimensionless parameter that controls the peakedness of the wind speed distribution
(6) This leads to a representation for the pressure profile as
&A
p ' pc % (pn & pc ) exp
(II-2-17)
rB
which then leads to a gradient wind approximation of the form
1
&A
2
A B (pn & pc) exp
rB
r 2f 2
rf
Ugr
(II-2-18)
'
%
&
4
2
ρa r B
II-2-28
Meteorology and Wave Climate
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