EM 1110-2-1100 (Part V)
31 Jul 2003
b. Coastal erosion at engineering time scales
Figure V-3-9. (Concluded)
sand transport far offshore (9)
increase in long-term, average erosion rate (3)
Concerns Probably True
frontal effects (toe, scour, depth increase) (1)
end-wall effects (flanking) (1)
blockage of littoral drift when projecting into surf zone (groin effect) (4)
beach width fronting armor likely to diminish (2)
V-3-30
Shore Protection Projects
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