EM 1110-2-1100 (Part V)
31 Jul 2003
Table V-3-6
Conditions for Shoreline Response Behind Nearshore Breakwaters (from Chasten et al. 1993)
Conditions for the Formation of Tombolos
Condition
Comments
Reference
Ls/Y > 2.0
Shore Protection Manual (1984)
Ls/Y > 2.0
Double tombolo
Gourlay (1981)
Ls/Y > 0.67 to 1.0
Tombolo (shallow water)
Gourlay (1981)
Ls/Y > 2.5
Periodic tombolo
Ahrens and Cox (1990)
Ls/Y > 1.5 to 2.0
Tombolo
Dally and Pope (1986)
Ls/Y > 1.5
Tombolo (multiple breakwaters)
Dally and Pope (1986)
Ls/Y > 1.0
Tombolo (single breakwaters)
Suh and Dalrymple (1987)
Ls/Y > 2 b/Ls
Tombolo (multiple breakwaters)
Suh and Dalrymple (1987)
Conditions for the Formation of Salients
Ls/Y < 1.0
No tombolo
Shore Protection Manual (1984)
Ls/Y < 0.4 to 0.5
Salient
Gourlay (1981)
Ls/Y = 0.5 to 0.67
Salient
Dally and Pope (1986)
Ls/Y < 1.0
No tombolo (single breakwater)
Suh and Dalrymple (1987)
Ls/Y < 2 b/Ls
No tombolo (multiple breakwater)
Suh and Dalrymple (1987)
Ls/Y < 1.5
Well-developed salient
Ahrens and Cox (1990)
Ls/Y < 0.8 to 1.5
Subdued salient
Ahrens and Cox (1990)
Conditions for Minimal Shoreline Response
Ls/Y # 0.17 to 0.33
No response
Inman and Frautschy (1966)
Ls/Y # 0.27
No sinuosity
Ahrens and Cox (1990)
Ls/Y # 0.5
No deposition
Nir (1982)
Ls/Y # 0.125
Uniform protection
Dally and Pope (1986)
Ls/Y # 0.17
Minimal impact
Noble (1978)
V-3-54
Shore Protection Projects
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